Non-contact Beat-to-Beat Pulse Interval Estimation from Radial Artery Micro-Movements Using mmWave Radar

  • Vuong Tri Tiep Le Quy Don Technical University
  • Hoang Thi Yen Le Quy Don Technical University
  • Nguyen Trong Tuyen Le Quy Don Technical University
  • Masaki Takeo The University of Electro-Communications
  • Nguyen Linh Trung Vietnam National University
  • Guanghao Sun The University of Electro-Communications
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21553/rev-jec.449

Abstract

This study presents a novel contactless method for beat-to-beat pulse interval estimation using 24 GHz millimeter-wave radar detection of radial artery surface motion. The proposed system employs Doppler effect principles to detect physiological micro-movements, incorporating comprehensive signal processing including band-pass filtering (0.7-3 Hz), baseline wander removal, and advanced nonlinear denoising algorithms. An adaptive peak-finding algorithm extracts inter-beat intervals (IBI) from processed radar signals. Validation was performed against simultaneous electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings in 15 healthy subjects during 60-second measurement sessions. Results demonstrated excellent agreement with reference ECG measurements, achieving a high Pearson correlation coefficient of r = 0.991, mean absolute error of 11.8 ms, and root mean square error of 16.93 ms. Bland-Altman analysis revealed 95% limits of agreement within ±33.15 ms. The mmWave radar approach provides a highly accurate, contactless alternative for cardiovascular monitoring, offering enhanced patient comfort and suitability for long-term health assessment applications while maintaining clinical accuracy comparable to traditional methods.
Published
2026-04-21
Issue
Accepted articles
Section
Regular articles
An author's submission implies that the manuscript has not been published previously, and is not currently submitted for publication elsewhere. Submission also implies that the Corresponding Author has consent of all authors (the Authors). Upon acceptance for publication transfer of copyright will be made to the Publisher of REV-JEC, who guarantees that full content of the published article is freely distributed on the Journal's website. The copyright transfer gives the Publisher of REV-JEC full authority to resolve any complaints of misuse or abuse (such as infringement or plagiarism) of the published article. The Authors have the freedom to redistribute and reuse the published article in any medium or format for any purpose, provided the original published article is properly cited. An article submission implies author agreement with this policy.